Earthquakes result Free Essays

Seismic tremors result from unsettling influence in the external layer of the Earth. This causes the vibration of the Earth’s surface. Another purpose behind the event of quakes is the abrupt arrival of vitality that had been torpid in the center of the Earth. We will compose a custom article test on Quakes result or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now This vitality makes strain in the stones, hence; it is moved as waves to the Earth’s surface (Bolt, 2005 ). The power or greatness and the timeframe that had slipped by decide the damaging impact of a quake. The seismic waves and their force decide the dangerous intensity of a tremor. Basic harms brought about by a seismic tremor rely upon the plan of the structure and the materials utilized in its development. Tremors contrast in greatness. They might be little or unnoticeable or they might be huge to the point that their force can be recognized from inaccessible spots. The consequence of a seismic tremor may make the twisting of the ground or harm structures. A few seismic tremors happen under the ocean and cause torrents. Whatever the type of the tremor, a large number of them jeopardize the lives of people through their damaging power (Bolt, 2005 ). The outside of the Earth comprises of lithospheric plates. These plates are consistently moving and this causes compressional worries at their edges. The unexpected arrival of such pressure can be credited to tremors. Most seismic tremors are caused because of the moving of these lithospheric plates. Over the span of their development, these plates crash into one another and gigantic tensional pressure is discharged through the deficiencies present in the earth’s outside layer. The vibrations of the tremor spread all through the earth as waves. Shallow seismic tremors happen because of volcanic ejections, the falling of enormous rocks, avalanches and bomb blasts. Such quakes are restricted to the territory encompassing the spot of such events (Earthquake, 2004). The effect of a quake spreads through an enormous zone encompassing the focal point of the seismic tremor. The outside of earth splits because of the transmission of flaws to the surface from inside the earth. This outcomes in even and vertical distortion of the surface for more than a few meters. There is no such exchange of flaws to earth’s surface during serious seismic tremors. Shallow seismic tremors can be felt through the repetitive developments of the earth’s surface, which is named as deficiency creep. The qualities of the ground decide the size of an earthquake’s vibrations and its dangerous force. For example, waterway beds, or nonintegrated ground surface could convey the impact of a seismic tremor to huge territory. Though, territories comprised of bedrock transmit a tremor that is altogether more vulnerable. Loss of human lives would be more in places where structures are not developed to withstand colossal stuns and vibrations. In those regions L influxes of a seismic tremor could cause the funnel lines that flexibly gas to blast along these lines causing damaging flames (Earthquake, 2004). Wounds and passings could result from the breakdown of structures and sharp articles shipped by the breeze. Basic qualities could likewise bring about harms. For example, adaptable structures developed on bedrock endure less harm where as unbending structures based on free soil endure more noteworthy harm. In uneven locales, seismic tremors cause avalanches and landslides, which could lower the occupants. Seismic tremors that happen under the oceans could cause torrents, which offer ascent to dangerous rushes of water from the focal point of the quake and flood the urban communities on the coast (Earthquake, 2004) The abrupt development of rocks along a shortcoming causes vibrations and the transmission of vitality through the Earth. Such waves are named as body waves and their spread is underground. These waves are delegated P waves or essential waves and S waves or auxiliary waves. The last will in general dislodge the ground advances and in reverse and are thus known as shearing waves (Bolt, 2006). The world encountered various seismic tremors in the year 1990. The Iranian quake in the long stretch of June of that year asserted about fifty thousand human lives and its power was estimated at 7. 7 on the Richter scale. Seismic tremors are brought about by plate tectonics and the majority of the quakes happen in locales that are in closeness to the edges of the Earth’s plates. Deficiency action is the fundamental purpose behind seismic tremors in these areas. Iran is situated on the limit between the Arabian and the Asian plates. Regions where there was no issue movement additionally experienced tremors, for example, Missouri in the US where a quake happened on the 26th of September 1990, Welsh outskirts and Sheffield in the UK supported a quake on the second of April and the eighth of February 1990 (Seismology: Earthquake Prediction, 2005). Stanford University created measures to anticipate the event of tremors by recognizing the changes in low recurrence radio waves that were transmitted through rocks a couple of hours before the event of a seismic tremor. This marvel is a consequence of electrical flows created by pressure in the stones and is additionally ascribed to the opening of tiny breaks in the stones. Japanese researchers found that electromagnetic radiation was produced before a tremor. (Seismology: Earthquake Prediction, 2005). Various seismic tremors happen in the oceans, which don't cause harm, however serious quakes happening in thickly populated regions could bring about tremendous devastation to property and life. So as to constrain the perils of a seismic tremor, it is important to build up an arrangement of quake expectation. At present the seismic hole hypothesis has met with some accomplishment in finding tremor inclined districts. Most quakes happen in the area of the San Andreas Fault in California since the North American plate and Pacific plate move past one another. The North Pole is being moved towards Japan at a moderate pace of six centimeters in at regular intervals by seismic tremors. This float of shaft is as aftereffect of serious seismic tremors that happen along shore the Pacific Rim (Earthquake, 2005). Regardless of the way that seismic tremors can't be forestalled the seriousness of the demolition brought about by them can be relieved considerably by embracing reasonable correspondence procedures, proper auxiliary structure of structures, executing an all around arranged game-plan during a quake, suitably teaching the general population and guaranteeing that more secure structure measures are set up. A few nations have initiated seismic tremor wellbeing and administrative organizations because of the extreme harm caused to life and property by quakes. In regard of Tsunamis, an appropriate early admonition framework can fundamentally diminish the harm caused, because of the way that tidal wave waves are engendered at low speeds. These waves are more slow than seismic P and S waves and travel at a tenth of the speed of seismic waves in the stones beneath. Along these lines, seismologists have plentiful time available to them to caution the zones that could be influenced by the executioner waves (Bolt, 2006). The event of intraplate quakes is considerably less in contrast with plate limit seismic tremors. They happen because of the inward breaking of rock masses. Instances of such seismic tremors were 1811 New Madrid quake and the 1812 Missouri tremor, which were extreme. From the reports of the harm recorded, researchers have opined that their force ought to have been of the request for 8. 0 on the Richter scale (Bolt, 2006). Around 80% of the vitality discharged by seismic tremors can be credited to the quakes that occur in the region encompassing the Pacific Ocean. In excess of a thousand tremors of power more than 3. 5 in extent happen in Japan every year. Another district that is famous for seismic tremors is the western shoreline of North and South America (Pendick). One of the strategies utilized by seismologists so as to gauge tremors is the Richter greatness scale, which was created by Charles Richter. The Richter greatness is resolved based on the most extreme vibration quality and the good ways from earthquake’s focal point. This scale is logarithmic and in like manner, a 6 greatness seismic tremor is multiple times more grounded than a 5 extent quake. Notwithstanding, the Richter size is mistaken if the tremor being estimated is in excess of 310 miles from the seismograph. As needs be, seismologists created other quake size scales; anyway these scales can't be applied to all sort of tremors because of the subsequent mistakes (Pendick). As the separation builds the seismic waves display lost quality. When all is said in done, the best impact of a tremor will be at its focal point. A few seismic tremors are ground-breaking to such an extent that the ground shaking can be more noteworthy than the speeding up because of gravity and this could bring about rocks and stones being pushed into the air with incredible power. This really happened in 1897 when a significant seismic tremor happened in Assam, India (Pendick). In the USA, seismic tremors are a significant reason for misfortune to property and jeopardize around seventy †5,000,000 US residents. The misfortune brought about by quakes can be essentially moderated by effective fiasco arranging, selection of preventive estimates like executing better defends while developing structures and giving data about seismic tremors that could happen promptly to the masses. The U. S. Land Survey (USGS) is the group chief of the push to caution individuals in a convenient way in regards to seismic tremors going to happen in the US (USGS Science Helps Build Safer Communities Earthquake Hazardsâ€A National Threat ). Seismic tremors asserted a large number of human lives in the previous 500 years. In the year 1976, the scandalous T’ang †Shan seismic tremor that hit China asserted n

How significantly does a democratic political system impinge on the Essay

How altogether does a fair political framework encroach on the lead of international strategy Is such impedance attractive - Essay Example Anyway positive ramifications of the component of popular government in the US international strategy have been exhibited by its job in improving soundness in areas of the world that are under political difficulties and the utilization of majority rule government as an instrument of advancing flourishing inside the creating countries. This paper gives a basic examination and contention on the centrality and job of majority rule thoughts on international strategy with an uncommon spotlight on the US international strategy. The paper targets contending that the obstruction of a vote based framework on the international strategy is alluring. Bouchet (2011, p. 572) says that the centrality of a majority rule political framework in forming the international strategy is exhibited by the US international strategy whose key need is to spread vote based system to different pieces of the world. Anyway a few ways of thinking contend that vote based system as characterized inside the US internat ional strategy is only one of the vital goals that the US plans to give impact on different countries of the universes particularly inside the Asian social orders and the creating scene (Berger, 2011, p. 38). The issue of popular government is significant in the US international strategy as showed by talks of presidential up-and-comers and the conversations of Members of the Congress who characterize vote based system inside the international strategy of the US. Despite this, it is contended that what makes a difference is the where, when and how in the use of international strategy concerning the standards of majority rule government which matters the most (Miller, 2005, p. 174). There are anyway striking troubles which are looked by the democratization forms inside the US international strategy whose hugeness is shown by the way that political pioneers have utilized expensive proportions of beating these difficulties (Clarke, 2000, p. 103). Hassan and Ralph (2011, p. 513) bring up that during the First World War; the interest of the US was planned for making world areas and economies safe enough for practicing vote based political frameworks, qualities and standards. Since this war, the US organization has centered energies at guaranteeing that majority rules system was advanced in the distinctive political frameworks of the world. For instance presidents Reagan, Bush, Clinton and Obama have exhibited that the most important segment of the US international strategy is the need to advance vote based system (Guerlain, 2011, p. 372). The Bush organization showed the effect of majority rules system on international strategy by utilizing it as an apparatus for the advancement of harmony and controling fear based oppression. In the addresses of Bush, war on fear and democratization was the focal segment in the depiction of the US international strategy (Berger, 2011, p. 47). The criticalness of majority rule political frameworks in planning international strategy was shown by the Secretary of State during the Bush Administration, Dr. Condoleezza Rice. The Secretary of State thought of a tact plan toward the beginning of January, 2006 which was planned for bringing political change by working with political accomplices to assemble equitable states and support majority rule political frameworks (Bouchet, 2011, p. 577). Determinedly, Rice’s plan was rehashed in October, 2006 inside the State Department. In this sense, vote based political frameworks are seen to significantly affect the plan and usage of remote p

Customer Development Model Understanding Company Building

Customer Development Model Understanding Company Building WHAT IS COMPANY BUILDING?Company building occurs only at the end of the Customer Development model. This is when the business can transition from a startup that is focused on learning and discovery into a fully-fledged business. This business will include formal departments and a scaled business development model. It is only at the end of the Customer Development model when a company can begin to appoint departments that potentially include a Vice President of Sales or a Vice President of Marketing.When these departments have been opened, the executives that lead then can move away from a learning and discovery methodology and towards a mission-oriented method. This mission-oriented method helps the company exploit the information that it validated during the first three steps of the Customer Development model.The reason that company building occurs now is because your startup needs to understand its place among its customer and in its market. If you build your company too quickly, t he end result is often burning through all of your cash. Without cash or the knowledge you would have gained in the first three steps, it is nearly impossible to save your company from self-imposed destruction.To begin to build a company from an organization that is learning about customers and markets into a company that is attracting mainstream customers, you will need to do three things:You will need to begin to build your mainstream customer base that extends beyond the initial early adopters.You will need to ensure that this building also occurs within the company. You need to build the management, organization and company culture to support your new growth.You will need to create departments that are nimble enough to respond quickly to the company’s growth. The goal is to have formal departments that can pivot and turn as quickly as you did during the learning and discovery phases that preceded company building.At the end of the day, company building is only successful if it is consistently flexible. Once it begins drawing in its mainstream customer base, it cannot become complacent. It must remain as flexible and alert as it was before it began to grow.Watch this talk of Steve Blank discussing how to build a company. BUILDING A MAINSTREAM CUSTOMER BASEIt sometimes seems like the only difference between your startup and your competitors established business is revenue. This is not true. Your revenue does not just come from a large number of sales. It comes from understanding your business, marketing and sales strategies within the market context that you operate in.These strategies should all be based on the Market Type that you focused on in customer creation. New market sales growth is distinctively different to sales growth in an existing market. Even when you have moved beyond customers and into the mainstream market, you will still see different rates of adoption because of the nature of the market.As a result, everything you do in this stage depe nds on your market type. The staff you hire and the money you spend will depend on the market you are in. But understanding your market type does not necessarily mean that your work is over.If you followed the model correctly, you determined your market by seeking out early adopters for your product. But the transition between selling to early adopters and selling to a mainstream market is not as fluid as you might assume. There is almost always a gap between the early adopters and the mainstream market. This gap will vary depending on the market type that you are in.BUILDING THE COMPANY’S INFRASTRUCTURE TO SCALEAs sales grow, the company itself will need to grow with it. Growth rarely occurs without change. Two of the most important changes that will occur in the company building phase include a change in the corporate management and corporate culture. There is also change that comes from the creation of functioning departments.The first changes will occur in the corporate manage ment of the company. The management changes should also include a development of company culture. Many startups think of company culture in terms of whether or not they should wear jeans to work. They assume that as they grow, they must then turn into a top-down large scale operation with an execution mindset.This is a problem because it often results in a bureaucracy being established far too early. Just because you are mimicking a large, successful company does not mean that you are one. This is actually dangerous. Imposing this kind of change before a company has grown can actually inhibit its growth. If you tried to do this when you initially started the company, the company would have never been able to get off the ground. The change that occurs here is the change discussed earlier. This is where the company begins to adopt a mission-centric culture.In a mission-centric culture, all of the new leaders and executives that you have appointed must realize that the work is not yet complete. At this point, the mainstream market is still an uncertain place. Focusing on organization over the mission itself can stifle the innovation, creativity and mobility that you need to not just mimic a large business but to become one.The second changes will occur when you create functional departments to support the management. These departments are important because it is important to divide up labor at this point in the company. However, these departments should not just be created because you believe that every good company needs them. At this stage, it is important to create the departments that make the most sense for your business. When you do this, you will help ensure that these departments are not only functional but helpful for your business.THE STAGES BETWEEN A STARTUP AND LARGE COMPANYIn his book, Steve Blank created an outline that described how companies transform from startups to large organizations. There are three primary stages in this outline: Customer De velopment, Company Building and Large Company.Stage One: Customer DevelopmentStage one is the stage where a startup will undertake the first three phases of the Customer Development model: customer discovery, customer validation and customer creation. This stage focuses on both customer development and product development.Stage Two: Company BuildingStage two is the company building phase of the Customer Development model. This is, again, where the company moves form the learning and discovery activities and becomes a mission-centric organization.To make the leap between company building to becoming a large company, you have to maintain the speed you has a startup but with a larger number of staff.In order to do this, the mission of the company must remain clear.This is why installing a top-down management system or a bureaucracy in a company too early can be bad for the company. You can hire as many staff as you can afford. But if they are not all working towards the same goals via the mission, you will struggle to keep your forward motion.You will find that you get bogged down in a process heavy infrastructure instead. Creativity and innovation can be strangled by bureaucracy if you are not careful. This is why you need to make sure that the organization that you have built thus far is justified.Stage Three: Large CompanyThis stage is about building departments. But you need to justify the department’s existence with your mission before you build it. There needs to be a clear and strategic need for a role or department before you add it.Building a large company does not mean that you need to replicate a model. You need to build a company that makes sense for your mission. In this case, your mission serves as your strategy.The difference between a large company and a startup is not bureaucracy. It is process. Many entrepreneurs believe that you do not need a process for innovation or success. But a process is necessary for building a large company.Instead of building a company from a cookie cutter outline, entrepreneurs can build “fast-response” departments. These departments offer a process without the stagnation that becomes characteristic of a tangled bureaucracy or a top-down management system.These “fast-response” departments allow you to keep the speed and agility of your early days. Yet, it still allows you to keep the organization and process that any large company needs.THE FOUR PHASES OF COMPANY BUILDINGAll of what you read so far can be broken down into four succinct phases of company building. Each of these four phases are necessary for the successful transformation of a startup into a large company. It is important to keep both the mission and the process in mind as you move through each of these four steps.Phase One: Reach Out to Your Mainstream CustomersIn the first phase of company building, you are working to adapt from selling only to early adopters to your mainstream customers. You will do this by hiring new sales staff according to the sales growth curve that you are experiencing.You also need to notice the subtle and distinct differences between your early adopters and your mainstream customers.For example, most early adopters want an immediate solution to a difficult problem. They are more often than not looking for a revolutionary solution to their problems. They will be able to withstand minor flaws in the product, as long as it does its job.These early adopters will also rely on other early adopters for advice regarding products and solutions.Mainstream customers, however, are pragmatists. They have a problem. But they do not want to be disrupted by a revolutionary solution. Instead, they look for evolutionary solutions. They do not want minor flaws. They want use to be straightforward, simple and reliable.Mainstream customers rarely have any interest in what early adopters have to say about a product. They want reviews and references from other buyers who are just like them. In o ther words, they want to hear from other pragmatists.Reaching out to your mainstream customers is an essential part of company building. It can be easy to get comfortable with a small group of loyal, early adopters. In fact, it may feel more satisfying to have a small number of customers that you know that you can count on.The problem is that you can and will eventually exhaust this market. It is important to remember that they are visionaries. They are always looking for the next big thing. Holding their attention for very long is a Herculean feat.Adopting your strategy to pull in mainstream customers is an important part not only of company building but of survival. It requires that you take more risks. However, these risks are not as scary as they sound.The far bigger risk is not trying to understand how to reach the main market or, even worse, seeing the main market but neglecting to adopt your sales strategy.Phase Two: Review Your Current Management and Create Your MissionIn th e second phase, you will take a hard look at the staff you have hired thus far. It is important to determine whether the staff you have can grow to scale. This does not mean assessing whether you have enough people, per say. It means that you need to be sure that everyone is working seamlessly on the same mission.This unity is essential for scaling your company. You can hire as many people as you can afford. But if everyone in your company is running in a different direction, they will seriously hinder your growth.This phase requires that you do something that you have rarely done thus far on your journey. In phase two, it is important that you look inward at your company.To do this, you will often ask the board of your company to review both the CEO and the executive staff that you have appointment.What you need to succeed during this phase of your company is not charisma. You need leaders who are pragmatic, resilient and agile. They must be able to see clearly enough to not only c reate a compelling vision but to find their way down a path according to that vision.What distinguishes this revision is not looking at the staff’s track record. This review needs to focus on the future. It must look at what the leaders of the company are capable of in the future.In some cases, past successes actually indicate future failures. It is important to distinguish this before these failures happen.When you know that you have the right people, you can then begin to focus on growing company culture.This culture includes stating your corporate mission which consists of four main elements:Your mission needs to state what your employees are working for.Your mission needs to state what they are supposed to be doing while they are at work.Your mission needs to state how your employees will know that they have succeeded.Your mission needs to describe both your revenue goals and your profit goals.Phase Three: Begin Your Transition to Functioning DepartmentsPhase three allows you to begin to use all of the learning that you did in the first three steps of the Customer Development model. By now, you will know a lot about building repeatable sales. You will also have knowledge about your channel roadmaps.The reason that this stage comes third in the process is because you need good people on your side in order to implement it correctly. You cannot scale without the right people in place.This is where you begin to set up your departments according to your mission statement and your strategy. Remember that having a process and a mission is key for setting up departments. Arbitrary departments waste time and burn money.Before these departments take shape, you must state what these departments do. This means that you need to create and write down goals for each department.A great way to do this is to create another mission statement for each of your departments. These mission statements should complement the overall mission statement. However, they should be finel y adapted to each specific department.You can find some insights on the benefits and how to structure your organisation in the following slides.[slideshare id=12597292doc=strategicorganizationaldesign-120418220355-phpapp02w=710h=500]Phase Four: Maintain Your Moment with Agile DepartmentsIn the last part of company building, you will ensure that everything that you have built thus far is agile, scaled and capable of being a “fast-response” department.There is nothing worse than creating a department that must answer to another department. Especially when the second department must wait for an answer from someone else who makes the “big decision”. This is incredibly dangerous for any company that is trying to grow.This is sometimes referred to as “executive leadership”. Admittedly, this works for some companies. But as a general rule, employees on the ground often make better decisions than executives who are detached from the daily situation on the ground.To combat this, you want to create a culture that is mission oriented. You also want a decentralized management style that does not rely on a seal of approval from the CEO in order to make small decisions.This management style will speed up decision making. In turn, it will allow the company to operate in a “fast-response” and agile manner. These are both of the things that you are working for at this point in your growth.You also want to work on creating a culture that values information gathering and sharing. This culture should naturally also be a culture that promotes leadership.This is because success it not just determined on the information that executives find. You need the whole company to be working for information and solutions.All of this comes down to creating a culture in which people trust each other. The executives must trust their employees in order for employees to trust to executives. It is only when there is mutual trust and cooperation that true leadership can really happen .Finally, you must remember that while the formal learning process is over, you are never really done learning. If you want to continue to grow successfully, learning will be an ongoing process for your company.Staying Alive after Customer DevelopmentThe Customer Development model is a pathway to success for many businesses. But not every business that successfully completes the model manages to see long-term growth or success.To make it out of the Customer Development model alive, you need to remain alert and focused. You need to make sure that your company responds to changes in your market, customer and competition.Companies that become stagnant are companies that fail. Waiting too long can make you irrelevant in your market and can change your customer’s perception. This can be a death sentence in today’s markets. The only thing that is constant in your company should be change and your reaction to change.In order to be successful both in business and in life, entrepreneurs must realize that success is not a condition. Success is a process. Rather than searching for an end point on a map, a successful company will mark milestones along a path that only ends should the company be dissolved.CONCLUSION In the first three steps of the Customer Development model, you focused on learning more about your customers and validating your assumptions. You then learned how to capture some early customers in order to prepare yourself for creating your market and your product demand. All of this was absolutely essential for moving into the final phase of the Customer Development model: company building.Company building is the final step of Blank’s process for a reason. When the majority of businesses begin the company building phase before they have understood their markets and their customers, chaos ensues. This chaos then results in a death spiral for too many startups. Based on Customer Development Model created by Steve BlankIn this article, we explore 1) what company building is, 2) how to build a  mainstream customer base, 3) building companys infrastructure to scale, 4) the stages between a startup and large company,  and 5) the four phases of company building.WHAT IS COMPANY BUILDING?Company building occurs only at the end of the Customer Development model. This is when the business can transition from a startup that is focused on learning and discovery into a fully-fledged business. This business will include formal departments and a scaled business development model. It is only at the end of the Customer Development model when a company can begin to appoint departments that potentially include a Vice President of Sales or a Vice President of Marketing.When these departments have been opened, the executives that lead then can move away from a learning and discovery methodology and towards a mission-oriented method. This mission-oriented meth od helps the company exploit the information that it validated during the first three steps of the Customer Development model.The reason that company building occurs now is because your startup needs to understand its place among its customer and in its market. If you build your company too quickly, the end result is often burning through all of your cash. Without cash or the knowledge you would have gained in the first three steps, it is nearly impossible to save your company from self-imposed destruction.To begin to build a company from an organization that is learning about customers and markets into a company that is attracting mainstream customers, you will need to do three things:You will need to begin to build your mainstream customer base that extends beyond the initial early adopters.You will need to ensure that this building also occurs within the company. You need to build the management, organization and company culture to support your new growth.You will need to create departments that are nimble enough to respond quickly to the company’s growth. The goal is to have formal departments that can pivot and turn as quickly as you did during the learning and discovery phases that preceded company building.At the end of the day, company building is only successful if it is consistently flexible. Once it begins drawing in its mainstream customer base, it cannot become complacent. It must remain as flexible and alert as it was before it began to grow.Watch this talk of Steve Blank discussing how to build a company. BUILDING A MAINSTREAM CUSTOMER BASEIt sometimes seems like the only difference between your startup and your competitors established business is revenue. This is not true. Your revenue does not just come from a large number of sales. It comes from understanding your business, marketing and sales strategies within the market context that you operate in.These strategies should all be based on the Market Type that you focused on in customer crea tion. New market sales growth is distinctively different to sales growth in an existing market. Even when you have moved beyond customers and into the mainstream market, you will still see different rates of adoption because of the nature of the market.As a result, everything you do in this stage depends on your market type. The staff you hire and the money you spend will depend on the market you are in. But understanding your market type does not necessarily mean that your work is over.If you followed the model correctly, you determined your market by seeking out early adopters for your product. But the transition between selling to early adopters and selling to a mainstream market is not as fluid as you might assume. There is almost always a gap between the early adopters and the mainstream market. This gap will vary depending on the market type that you are in.BUILDING THE COMPANY’S INFRASTRUCTURE TO SCALEAs sales grow, the company itself will need to grow with it. Growth rarel y occurs without change. Two of the most important changes that will occur in the company building phase include a change in the corporate management and corporate culture. There is also change that comes from the creation of functioning departments.The first changes will occur in the corporate management of the company. The management changes should also include a development of company culture. Many startups think of company culture in terms of whether or not they should wear jeans to work. They assume that as they grow, they must then turn into a top-down large scale operation with an execution mindset.This is a problem because it often results in a bureaucracy being established far too early. Just because you are mimicking a large, successful company does not mean that you are one. This is actually dangerous. Imposing this kind of change before a company has grown can actually inhibit its growth. If you tried to do this when you initially started the company, the company would h ave never been able to get off the ground. The change that occurs here is the change discussed earlier. This is where the company begins to adopt a mission-centric culture.In a mission-centric culture, all of the new leaders and executives that you have appointed must realize that the work is not yet complete. At this point, the mainstream market is still an uncertain place. Focusing on organization over the mission itself can stifle the innovation, creativity and mobility that you need to not just mimic a large business but to become one.The second changes will occur when you create functional departments to support the management. These departments are important because it is important to divide up labor at this point in the company. However, these departments should not just be created because you believe that every good company needs them. At this stage, it is important to create the departments that make the most sense for your business. When you do this, you will help ensure t hat these departments are not only functional but helpful for your business.THE STAGES BETWEEN A STARTUP AND LARGE COMPANYIn his book, Steve Blank created an outline that described how companies transform from startups to large organizations. There are three primary stages in this outline: Customer Development, Company Building and Large Company.Stage One: Customer DevelopmentStage one is the stage where a startup will undertake the first three phases of the Customer Development model: customer discovery, customer validation and customer creation. This stage focuses on both customer development and product development.Stage Two: Company BuildingStage two is the company building phase of the Customer Development model. This is, again, where the company moves form the learning and discovery activities and becomes a mission-centric organization.To make the leap between company building to becoming a large company, you have to maintain the speed you has a startup but with a larger numbe r of staff.In order to do this, the mission of the company must remain clear.This is why installing a top-down management system or a bureaucracy in a company too early can be bad for the company. You can hire as many staff as you can afford. But if they are not all working towards the same goals via the mission, you will struggle to keep your forward motion.You will find that you get bogged down in a process heavy infrastructure instead. Creativity and innovation can be strangled by bureaucracy if you are not careful. This is why you need to make sure that the organization that you have built thus far is justified.Stage Three: Large CompanyThis stage is about building departments. But you need to justify the department’s existence with your mission before you build it. There needs to be a clear and strategic need for a role or department before you add it.Building a large company does not mean that you need to replicate a model. You need to build a company that makes sense for yo ur mission. In this case, your mission serves as your strategy.The difference between a large company and a startup is not bureaucracy. It is process. Many entrepreneurs believe that you do not need a process for innovation or success. But a process is necessary for building a large company.Instead of building a company from a cookie cutter outline, entrepreneurs can build “fast-response” departments. These departments offer a process without the stagnation that becomes characteristic of a tangled bureaucracy or a top-down management system.These “fast-response” departments allow you to keep the speed and agility of your early days. Yet, it still allows you to keep the organization and process that any large company needs.THE FOUR PHASES OF COMPANY BUILDINGAll of what you read so far can be broken down into four succinct phases of company building. Each of these four phases are necessary for the successful transformation of a startup into a large company. It is important to keep both the mission and the process in mind as you move through each of these four steps.Phase One: Reach Out to Your Mainstream CustomersIn the first phase of company building, you are working to adapt from selling only to early adopters to your mainstream customers. You will do this by hiring new sales staff according to the sales growth curve that you are experiencing.You also need to notice the subtle and distinct differences between your early adopters and your mainstream customers.For example, most early adopters want an immediate solution to a difficult problem. They are more often than not looking for a revolutionary solution to their problems. They will be able to withstand minor flaws in the product, as long as it does its job.These early adopters will also rely on other early adopters for advice regarding products and solutions.Mainstream customers, however, are pragmatists. They have a problem. But they do not want to be disrupted by a revolutionary solution. Instead, they look for evolutionary solutions. They do not want minor flaws. They want use to be straightforward, simple and reliable.Mainstream customers rarely have any interest in what early adopters have to say about a product. They want reviews and references from other buyers who are just like them. In other words, they want to hear from other pragmatists.Reaching out to your mainstream customers is an essential part of company building. It can be easy to get comfortable with a small group of loyal, early adopters. In fact, it may feel more satisfying to have a small number of customers that you know that you can count on.The problem is that you can and will eventually exhaust this market. It is important to remember that they are visionaries. They are always looking for the next big thing. Holding their attention for very long is a Herculean feat.Adopting your strategy to pull in mainstream customers is an important part not only of company building but of survival. It requires that y ou take more risks. However, these risks are not as scary as they sound.The far bigger risk is not trying to understand how to reach the main market or, even worse, seeing the main market but neglecting to adopt your sales strategy.Phase Two: Review Your Current Management and Create Your MissionIn the second phase, you will take a hard look at the staff you have hired thus far. It is important to determine whether the staff you have can grow to scale. This does not mean assessing whether you have enough people, per say. It means that you need to be sure that everyone is working seamlessly on the same mission.This unity is essential for scaling your company. You can hire as many people as you can afford. But if everyone in your company is running in a different direction, they will seriously hinder your growth.This phase requires that you do something that you have rarely done thus far on your journey. In phase two, it is important that you look inward at your company.To do this, yo u will often ask the board of your company to review both the CEO and the executive staff that you have appointment.What you need to succeed during this phase of your company is not charisma. You need leaders who are pragmatic, resilient and agile. They must be able to see clearly enough to not only create a compelling vision but to find their way down a path according to that vision.What distinguishes this revision is not looking at the staff’s track record. This review needs to focus on the future. It must look at what the leaders of the company are capable of in the future.In some cases, past successes actually indicate future failures. It is important to distinguish this before these failures happen.When you know that you have the right people, you can then begin to focus on growing company culture.This culture includes stating your corporate mission which consists of four main elements:Your mission needs to state what your employees are working for.Your mission needs to state what they are supposed to be doing while they are at work.Your mission needs to state how your employees will know that they have succeeded.Your mission needs to describe both your revenue goals and your profit goals.Phase Three: Begin Your Transition to Functioning DepartmentsPhase three allows you to begin to use all of the learning that you did in the first three steps of the Customer Development model. By now, you will know a lot about building repeatable sales. You will also have knowledge about your channel roadmaps.The reason that this stage comes third in the process is because you need good people on your side in order to implement it correctly. You cannot scale without the right people in place.This is where you begin to set up your departments according to your mission statement and your strategy. Remember that having a process and a mission is key for setting up departments. Arbitrary departments waste time and burn money.Before these departments take shape, you must st ate what these departments do. This means that you need to create and write down goals for each department.A great way to do this is to create another mission statement for each of your departments. These mission statements should complement the overall mission statement. However, they should be finely adapted to each specific department.You can find some insights on the benefits and how to structure your organisation in the following slides.[slideshare id=12597292doc=strategicorganizationaldesign-120418220355-phpapp02w=710h=500]Phase Four: Maintain Your Moment with Agile DepartmentsIn the last part of company building, you will ensure that everything that you have built thus far is agile, scaled and capable of being a “fast-response” department.There is nothing worse than creating a department that must answer to another department. Especially when the second department must wait for an answer from someone else who makes the “big decision”. This is incredibly dangerous for any company that is trying to grow.This is sometimes referred to as “executive leadership”. Admittedly, this works for some companies. But as a general rule, employees on the ground often make better decisions than executives who are detached from the daily situation on the ground.To combat this, you want to create a culture that is mission oriented. You also want a decentralized management style that does not rely on a seal of approval from the CEO in order to make small decisions.This management style will speed up decision making. In turn, it will allow the company to operate in a “fast-response” and agile manner. These are both of the things that you are working for at this point in your growth.You also want to work on creating a culture that values information gathering and sharing. This culture should naturally also be a culture that promotes leadership.This is because success it not just determined on the information that executives find. You need the whole company to be working for information and solutions.All of this comes down to creating a culture in which people trust each other. The executives must trust their employees in order for employees to trust to executives. It is only when there is mutual trust and cooperation that true leadership can really happen.Finally, you must remember that while the formal learning process is over, you are never really done learning. If you want to continue to grow successfully, learning will be an ongoing process for your company.Staying Alive after Customer DevelopmentThe Customer Development model is a pathway to success for many businesses. But not every business that successfully completes the model manages to see long-term growth or success.To make it out of the Customer Development model alive, you need to remain alert and focused. You need to make sure that your company responds to changes in your market, customer and competition.Companies that become stagnant are companies that fail. Waiting too l ong can make you irrelevant in your market and can change your customer’s perception. This can be a death sentence in today’s markets. The only thing that is constant in your company should be change and your reaction to change.In order to be successful both in business and in life, entrepreneurs must realize that success is not a condition. Success is a process. Rather than searching for an end point on a map, a successful company will mark milestones along a path that only ends should the company be dissolved.CONCLUSIONCompany building comes at the end of the Customer Development model for a reason. Without all of the information that you have gleaned from the first three phases, company building simply isn’t possible. Trying to create a large organization without a market, customer base, product or a great team will almost always result in the failure of any company.What any entrepreneur can take away from the Customer Development model is that building a business is a proc ess. From beginning to end, you need a process and goals that match each other. Success does not happen in vacuum. It happens to those who methodically seek it, prove it and then continue to seek it once more. To end, you need a process and goals that match each other. Success does not happen in vacuum. It happens to those who methodically seek it, prove it and then continue to seek it once more.